Coffee in Guadeloupe
Coffee was first introduced to Guadeloupe in the 18th century. In 1721, Gabriel de Clieu, a Norman captain, obtained coffee plants from the Jardin des Plantes in Paris and introduced them to the French West Indies, particularly Guadeloupe. This initiative marked the beginning of coffee cultivation on the island, which quickly became an important industry under the Ancien Régime. However, in the 19th century, the coffee industry declined in the face of competition from sugar and economic fluctuations. Today, Guadeloupe is working to preserve and promote this historic crop, particularly through local initiatives aimed at promoting bonifieur coffee.
Ancestral know-how
Guadeloupean coffee is the result of expertise passed down from generation to generation. Each step, from cultivation to roasting, is carried out with great care to ensure an exceptional product. Coffee plants, primarily of the Arabica variety, are grown on volcanic slopes, where the climate and rich soil provide optimal conditions. The harvest, done by hand, ensures a rigorous selection of fully ripe beans. After drying and fermentation, the beans are roasted locally using traditional methods that preserve their complex aromas. This process, rooted in local traditions, gives Guadeloupean coffee its reputation for quality and authenticity.
Tasting and heritage
Tasting Guadeloupean coffee is a unique sensory experience. With its subtle notes of red berries, chocolate, and spices, it offers a rich and balanced aromatic palette. This complexity results from the combination of cultivated Arabica varieties and the expertise of local producers. Coffee is often enjoyed black, without sugar or milk, to fully appreciate its flavors. The heritage of coffee in Guadeloupe goes beyond the drink itself ; it also serves as a vehicle for culture and history. Events such as open days at plantations or guided tours of roasting workshops allow visitors to dive into the world of coffee and understand its importance to Guadeloupean identity.
Café Chaulet : a Guadeloupean institution
Founded in 1860, the family-run business Café Chaulet is a cornerstone of coffee production and roasting in Guadeloupe. Located in Vieux-Habitant, on the Côte-sous-le-Vent, it carries on the tradition of “bonifieur” coffee, renowned for its exceptional quality. Combining respect for traditional expertise with modern methods, Café Chaulet rigorously selects the finest Arabica beans, carries out hand harvesting, wet processing of the cherries, and natural sun-drying. This attention to detail guarantees an exceptional taste and aroma in its “Côte-sous-le-Vent” vintage. The company also offers a range of related products, such as chocolate, jams, spices, and homemade punch.
La Maison du Café : an immersion into tradition
La Maison du Café, also known as Habitation La Grivelière, is a historic former plantation located in Vieux-Habitant. Listed as a historical monument, it offers a deep dive into the history and techniques of coffee production in Guadeloupe. Visitors can discover the various stages of coffee cultivation and processing — from harvesting to roasting — through guided tours and exhibitions. The site also offers tastings, allowing guests to enjoy the full aromatic richness of local coffee. La Maison du Café is a must-visit to understand the importance of coffee in Guadeloupe's cultural heritage.
Frequently asked questions
What variety of coffee is grown in Guadeloupe ? Primarily Arabica, prized for its finesse and complex aromas.
Why is Guadeloupean coffee called "bonifieur" ? The term "bonifieur" refers to this coffee’s ability to enhance and improve coffee blends thanks to its superior quality.
When is the best time to visit coffee plantations in Guadeloupe ? The ideal period is between November and March, during the harvest season, to observe the full production process.
Can you buy coffee directly from producers ? Yes, many plantations offer direct sales, providing the opportunity to purchase fresh and authentic coffee.
Guadeloupean coffee, a true aromatic treasure, reflects the island’s history and craftsmanship. Whether during a plantation visit or a tasting session, it invites you on a sensory journey into the heart of the island’s traditions.